Chemistry Foundation for Class VIII is a comprehensive resource for students of Class VIII preparing for the CBSE and ICSE Board examinations. It provides clear and concise explanations and covers all topics in these syllabi, along with a variety of problems drawn from the current and previous years’ question papers. Solutions are provided to every single problem along with hints to crack the tough ones. The book provides a strong foundation which the increasing competition mandates.
Salient features • The entire curriculum is covered in a lucid manner accompanied by illustrations, equations and formulae. • It covers the CBSE and ICSE syllabi and lays the foundation for preparation for competitive examinations. • Solutions to all problems have been provided (there is no unsolved exercise). • The exercises are divided into Practice questions (school exam-based) and Competition window (competitive exam-based). • Various types of questions are included—very short, short and long. • Topic-wise and level-wise MCQs in each chapter (first of its kind). • Related advanced level concepts highlighted in boxes (Knowledge booster). • Segment-wise questions and solutions for school exams in each chapter. • Provides a strong foundation for students of different state boards. • The book is accompanied by the Orient BlackSwan Smart App that provides chapter-wise NEET–JEE type MCQs with solutions.
Atul Singhal obtained his M.Sc degree (Organic chemistry) in 1996 and Ph.D (Organometallic chemistry) in 2007 from the CCS University, Meerut. He has taught and mentored thousands of students in various institutes since 1996. He is proficient at content creation, designing curricula and guiding students for competitive exams. He has been Centre Head and Academic Head in Brilliant Tutorials, FIITJEE and Vidhya Mandir Classes, and is currently Professor, Institute of Science and Technology, Kansas, Missourie, USA. He is the author of several test preparation books in chemistry.
Preface Acknowledgements Chapter 1: Matter Introduction Matter Composition of Matter Kinetic Molecular Theory of Matter Solids Liquids Gases Change of State of Matter Effect of Temperature Change Effect of Pressure Change Physical and Chemical Changes Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 2: Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Introduction Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 3: The Language of Chemistry Introduction Atoms Symbols of Elements Atomic Mass Molecules Ions Valency Radical Chemical Formulae Molecular Mass and Formula Mass Laws of Chemical Combination Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 4: Chemical Reactions Introduction Characteristics or Tests of Chemical Reactions Chemical Equations Balanced and Unbalanced Chemical Equations Balancing of Chemical Equations Making Equations More Informative Types of Chemical Reactions Neutralisation Reactions Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 5: Atomic Structure Introduction Cathode Rays Anode Rays Sub-atomic Particles Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 6: Hydrogen Introduction Discovery Occurrence Methods of Preparation of Dihydrogen Industrial Methods Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 7: Water Introduction Water (H2O) Solutions and Their Types Anhydrous and Hydrated Substances Soft and Hard Water Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 8: Carbon and its Compounds Introduction Carbon is Tetravalent Occurrence of Carbon Allotropes of Carbon Compounds of Carbon Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 9: Synthetic Fibres and Plastics Introduction Polymers Synthetic Fibres Some Common Synthetic Fibres Plastics Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 10: Materials: Metals and Non-metals Introduction Comparative Study of Metals and Non-metals Occurrence and Extraction of Metals Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 11: Coal and Petroleum Introduction Natural Resources Coal Petroleum Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 12: Combustion and Glame Introduction Combustion Flame Fuel Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Chapter 13: Pollution of Air and Water Introduction Environmental Pollution and Pollutants Types of Pollution Air Pollution Effects of Air Pollutants Greenhouse Effect or Global Warming Depletion of Ozone Layer Controlling Air Pollution Water Pollution Purification of Water Chapter at a Glance Practice Questions Competition Window (Objective Type) Answer Keys Hints and Solutions Appendices